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Holocaust and Genocide Studies 2002 16(3):376-401; doi:10.1093/hgs/16.3.376
© 2002 by United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
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The Ambivalence of Italian Antisemitism: Fascism, Nationalism, and Racism in Trieste

Maura E. Hametz1

1 Old Dominion University

The film Life Is Beautiful presented a fantastic vision of the Italian experience of the Holocaust. Emphasizing Italians' mischievous love of life and inherent humanity amidst violence perpetrated by others—generally Germans or misguided Fascists—it perpetuated a stereotype of "good Italians" that pervades the popular media and infuses scholarship as well. This image, combined with the fact that eighty-five percent of Italian Jews survived the Holocaust, has helped Italians to avoid censure for involvement in the persecution of Jews. Yet Fascist racial policies and attitudes had a devastating effect on Italy's Jewish communities. In the case of Trieste, by May 1945 only ten percent of the city's prewar Jewish population remained there.


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