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Holocaust and Genocide Studies 2004 18(3):379-401; doi:10.1093/hgs/dch085
© 2004 by United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
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"The Worst Enemies of a Better Germany": Postwar Antisemitism among Catholic Clergy and U.S. Occupation Forces

Suzanne Brown-Fleming1

1 Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum,*

Between 1946 and 1959, Vatican liaison to Germany Aloisius Cardinal Muench received tens of thousands of letters from German and American Roman Catholics. Of these, approximately one hundred letters—written by lay Catholics, priests, and prelates in the United States or by Catholics in the U.S. Army and military government—commented directly on the Holocaust, its survivors, and Jewish refugees in Germany or already in the United States. In addition, Cardinal Muench kept a diary throughout his stay. In it, he recorded several dozen private conversations with American military officers and with ecclesiastical officials regarding Jews specifically. Muench's diary entries offer an unusually clear window on antisemitic attitudes—his own and others'—in the American occupation zone of Germany and back home in the United States.

* The opinions stated in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum or of the United States Holocaust Memorial Council.


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