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Holocaust and Genocide Studies 1989 4(4):401-412; doi:10.1093/hgs/4.4.401
© 1989 by United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
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THE EINSATZGRUPPEN: THE QUESTION OF THEIR INITIAL OPERATIONS

RONALD HEADLAND

Vanier College Montreal, Canada

A matter of considerable debate among historians concerns the question whether or not the Einsatzgruppen, the Nazi killing units, were ordered before or after 22 June 1941 to kill all the Russian Jews. This paper focuses on the first five weeks of the Einsatzgruppen operations. The examination of documents written during this period calls into question certain conclusions of some historians concerning the extermination order as well as the nature of the early activities of the Einsatzgruppen. The evidence presented supports the argument that on 22 June 1941 the Einsatzgruppen leaders knew they were to kill the Jews.


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