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Holocaust and Genocide Studies 1995 9(2):231-249; doi:10.1093/hgs/9.2.231
© 1995 by United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
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Kibbutz Buchenwald and Kibbutz Hafetz Hayyim: Two Experiments in the Rehabilitation of Jewish Survivors in Germany

Judith Tydor Baumel

Open University of Israel, Tel Aviv; and Haifa University Israel

At the end of the Second World War, tens of thousands of Jews remained in the liberated camps, owing to their deep opposition to return to their former homes. Joined by Jews liberated in Eastern Europe and repatriated from the USSR, they formed the She'erit Hapletah (surviving remnant) in Germany. Expressing a strong Zionist stance, during the period 1945–1947 this group established dozens of pioneer training centers, each with Its own political orientation and practical program. Some were formed Inside the Displaced Persons camps; others were independent fanning centers established on requisitioned German estates. The article discusses and compares the first two such experiments undertaken in Germany after the war—Kibbutz Buchenwald, established in Geringshof In June 1945; and Kibbutz Hafetz Hayyim, founded near Zeilsheim in October of that year.


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